Deoxycholic acid is a bile acid lacking a hydroxyl group on C-7. It is a free bile acid derived from cholic acid losing an oxygen atom. It mainly exists in bile in the combined form of taurine and glycine.
Deoxycholic acid has been used in various areas of human medicine. In humans, deoxycholic acid is used to emulsify fats that are absorbed by the intestines. It was approved for use as an emulsifier in the food industry, but is no longer commonly used. In vitro, it is used on an experimental basis as a choleretic agent and is also used to prevent and dissolve gallstones. In research, deoxycholic acid has been used as a neutral detergent for the separation of membrane-associated proteins. The critical micelle concentration of deoxycholic acid is approximately 2.4-4 mM. Sodium deoxycholate is the sodium salt of deoxycholic acid and is commonly used as a biodetergent to lyse cells and solubilize cellular and membrane components. Sodium deoxycholate mixed with phosphatidylcholine has been used in mesotherapy injections to induce lipolysis and as an alternative to surgical excision in the treatment of lipomas. In general, deoxycholate and bile acid derivatives are being actively studied as structures for incorporation into nanotechnology. They also find application as light-stable components in microlithography.
1. Deoxycholic acid can be used in the pharmaceutical industry
2. Deoxycholic acid can be used in the food industry
3. Deoxycholic acid can be used in the health care products industry